In some instances, it is desirable to grow cells in an environment closely resembling in vivo conditions e.g. for use in the regenerative medicine (tissue engineering) and also for cell-based bio-analytical procedures (Biochips, BioMEMS). In view of today's advanced cell culture strategies, this directs our special emphasis to the special roles of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The control of the three-dimensional ECM over crucial processes in the cell cycle and cell differentiation backs this approach. 

Of great interest in this context are 'smart materials', which may mediate technically or biologically desirable interactions with the biological system. Thus, an adapted (smart) cell substratum may change its role from a passive to an active component. So far, attempts at conferring to the substratum the ability of entering into advantageous interactions with cells or tissue in culture have met with limited success. To support such interactions between substratum and cells/tissue we expose suitable 3-D structures on the surface of the substratum.

The objective of this priority research project is to create a three-dimensional microstructure resembling the cell's extracellular matrix (ECM) and expose these ECM analogues on the surface of a substratum (bioactive interface). Our approach includes innovative means of structuring surfaces, such as the two photon polymerization (2PP), layer-by-layer techniques and microcontact printing using hydrogel-forming substances and polyelectrolytes.  Such ECM-like bioactive interface reliefs are suitable as tissue engineering substrata, and they may also be used in combination with complete microsystems for growing and analyzing cells or tissue in culture (BioMEMS).